1.
AL-QURAN
VERSES
When referring to the leadership
of the Prophet Muhammad, a leader must have 3 basic spirit (mental leadership)
as mentioned by Allah in this verse:
Indeed has come to you a Messenger of your own, then felt him severe suffering, really want (faith and salvation) for you, most merciful Merciful to the believers. (QS.At-Taubah : 128).
Pointed to the
paragraph above, then there are 3 properties owned by the Prophet, and that
should be emulated by every leader. First, `azizun` ma `alaihi anittum, which
is able to feel the hardship and suffering of others. In modern language, these
properties is called "Sense of Crisis.". Second, harishun `alaikum,
which has a strong commitment to the welfare of the people. In modern language
these properties is called "Sense of Achievement". Third, rauf and
uterus, which has the love and affection that has a high aka "Sense of
Love". It says, "If You Are Not Loving, You Are Not living."
2.
DEFINITION
Leadership is a
process of Influencing others to carry out tasks voluntary organization
(Fairholm, 1991; Gardner, 2000). In fact, According Gemmil and Oakley (1992)
leadership is a process of cooperation between members of the organization to
formulate a new method to improve the quality of the organization. So and so
(2000, p. 3) says that "leadership is a process of persuasion or example
by roomates an individual (or leadership team) induce the group to pursue
objectives shared by the leaders and his or her followers". So and so
found that leadership is a process to influence the members of the organization
to Achieve the goals that have been Formulated by the leaders and members of
other Organizations. This means that leadership is not only defined in terms of
position, but rather, leadership is the ability to influence others without
coercion to Accomplish something that has been Formulated Earlier by members of
the organization.
Leadership be is
one important variable in the lives of people, even a determinant factor for
progress. According to Imam Ghazali, the essence of leadership is influence,
the position of a person in the eyes and in the hearts of people (maqamuka
qulub fi al-nas). (Ihya '`Ulum al-Din, Without Years, vol 3, p. 45). Without
influence, was named a leader even though he has formally assumed office and in
government, Organizations, and corporations (company). Absence of influence
identified by Jeremie Kubicek as the death of leadership, in the famous book,
Leadership is Dead: How Influence is Reviving It!. (Jeremie Kubicek, New York,
Howard Book, 2011), p, 12 ff.).
3.
THEORY OF
PSYCHOLOGY
Leading research
on the effect of leadership and leadership styles are clearly presented by
Daniel Goleman, a psychologist and researcher from Harvard University. He
argues that in broad outline, no one's leadership style 6, namely:
1. Pacesetting Leader
Leader with
pacesetting style typically apply high standards to all his men and tend to
"force" men to follow standard owned. In general, a leader in the use
of force when he needs a good and fast results to prove to the service users
and the organization that he is able to give the best. This leadership style is
perfect if a leader has men who have skill and high motivation. When simplified
with one sentence, it can be described with the following sentence. "Do as
I ask, now."
2. Authoritative Leader
For the second
type, the words "Come with me" to describe his leadership style.
Authoritative leaders will put forward a complete vision and mission as well as
its implementation handed to his men, where the leaders will stay evaluating
team performance. Such leaders have a positive effect of the emergence of the
spirit of work and creativity terasahnya. This type of leadership is perfect for
a group who live in an era of change, where the new vision is needed to
advance.
3. Affiliative leader
Affiliative
style is very useful when team members have a lot of disappointed by the
situation and had many unpleasant things in the organization. Leaders tend to
come down and listen to the aspirations of its members and using empathy in
communicating with its members. Affiliative styles tend to be fun for the men,
but could have a boomerang effect, which is difficult to push the men to bring
high productivity.
4. Coaching Leader
As the name
implies, this style leader with more focus on developing the skills of its
members. He match his men the opportunity to develop the obligations that must
be provided by the organization. For example, when an organization needs
innovation, it will give a chance to some members of his team to experiment and
be a "coach" who always motivate them in driving the success of
innovation that will be useful to the organization. This style is very good in
developing the skills of members, but not all organizations have the luxury in
terms of time to allow time for members to "trial-error".
5. Coercive Leader
Words that can
describe a leader with coercive force is "Do what you are commanded",
without giving a space for men to improvise. Maybe some views say that this
leadership style is not ideal because it tends rude and did not give freedom to
subordinates, but this style is most effective when an organization is on the
verge of bankruptcy or in a panic situation. For example, a situation where you
and the team are trapped inside a burning building, as a team leader, you can
not possibly let your child express his desire fruit each and then just ask her
to follow you, but, in the style of any compulsion you determine what carried
out and the route that must be passed in order to save themselves.
6. Democratic Leader
As the name
suggests, a democratic-style leaders tend to ask the aspirations of each of its
members. If there is a proposal in accordance with the direction of the organization,
then the leader will accommodate and approve the proposal. This is very useful
if the organization takes new ideas to improve performance.
4.
ANALYSIS
Some facts are
evident from Jokowi is they do not like to scold voorijder, straight down to make
unannounced visits to the village offices, as well as touring in the villages
to see the situation of the city, in Islam called azizun `ma` alaihi anittum,
which is able to sense trouble and suffering of others. One thing that is very,
very rarely done by the previous governor, a style that can be classified as
Affiliative Style and Democratic, which in Islam is called rauf and uterus,
which has love and affection are high. While from some impressions in social
media, we see Ahok harder and often asked his men to do as you're told can be
classified as Pacesetting and authoritative style, in Islam called harishun
`alaikum, which has a strong commitment to the welfare of the people.
According to
Daniel Goleman, no leadership style is ideal for all situations. Mainly because
Jokowi and Ahok have different audiences, therefore the two leadership styles
are different. So, when we often see that as a leader, Jokowi appear more
affiliative, democratic, and Ahok appear harder with Pacesetting and
authoritative style of leadership is exactly what is perceived as working more
effective and efficient in helping the Government of DKI Jakarta develop
services and fulfill all its promises to cope with floods and traffic jams. In
conclusion, as a team Jokowi-Ahok exhibit some combination of leadership
styles, while it looks contradictory, actually functions complement each other
in addressing the capital which has many dimensions and be dealt with in
different ways. Thus, Space Psychology pretty sure if Jokowi-Ahok constant can
show what kind of performance that has been run over the years, the leadership
they will provide substantial positive impact to the city of Jakarta.
5.
FACT OR
DOCUMENTATION
Jokowi Kena Macet Dua Jam ke Kampung Melayu
Penulis : Kurnia Sari Aziza
| Rabu, 17 Oktober 2012 | 14:17 WIB
KOMPAS/MUKHAMAD KURNIAWAN Warga Kelurahan Pademangan Timur,
Kecamatan Pademangan, Jakarta Utara mengerumuni Gubernur DKI Jakarta Joko
Widodo yang berkunjung ke wilayahnya, Selasa (16/10/2012). Sejumlah warga
berharap pemimpin barunya menyelesaikan masalah kemacetan, banjir, dan
pelayanan publik.
JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com — Setelah mendampingi
Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Gubernur DKI Jakarta Joko Widodo langsung
menyambangi Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur. Mantan Wali Kota Solo itu
pun merasakan terkena macet dua jam. Di Kampung Melayu, ia memantau halte transjakarta dan juga memantau kondisi bus Kopaja. Jokowi terlihat masih mengenakan batik coklatnya.
"Saya tuh ke sini dua jam kena macet, jadi enggak sempat ganti baju," kata Jokowi di Kampung Melayu, Jakarta, Rabu (17/10/2012).
Kehadiran Jokowi disambut warga yang berada di sekitar Terminal Kampung Melayu dengan antusias. Termasuk bagi Ahmad, seorang tukang ojek yang biasa mangkal di Terminal Kampung Melayu.
"Senang banget, Mbak. Ini baru yang namanya gubernur, turun ke rakyat. Lurahnya aja jarang turun ke kita," kata Ahmad.
Berdasarkan hasil tinjauannya, Jokowi mengatakan banyak sekali yang harus dibenahi dari sistem transportasi bus kota.
"Banyak, banyak, banyak, banyak sekali yang harus diperbaiki. Diubah, dirumuskan sehingga nanti ketemu sistem yang benar. Ini keputusan lapangan," kata Jokowi.
Sebagai salah satu contoh, Kopaja yang berada di Terminal Kampung Melayu banyak yang sudah berusia lanjut sampai puluhan tahun.
"Jadi, ya harus diremajakan," kata Jokowi.
Editor :
Ana Shofiana Syatiri
REFERENCES
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