DIVORCE
Shonia Nabila (11410040)
Psikologi B
1.
Divorce In Al-Quran
QS
Al-Baqarah 2: 229
الطَّلاقُ مَرَّتَانِ
فَإِمْزَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَلا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ
تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئاً إِلاّض أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا
حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَلا جُنَاحَ
عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلا تَعْتَدُوهَا
وَمَنْ يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
Artinya: Talak (yang dapat dirujuki) dua kali. Setelah itu boleh rujuk lagi dengan cara yang ma'ruf atau menceraikan dengan cara yang baik. Tidak halal bagi kamu mengambil kembali sesuatu dari yang telah kamu berikan kepada mereka, kecuali kalau keduanya khawatir tidak akan dapat menjalankan hukum-hukum Allah. Jika kamu khawatir bahwa keduanya (suami isteri) tidak dapat menjalankan hukum-hukum Allah, maka tidak ada dosa atas keduanya tentang bayaran yang diberikan oleh isteri untuk menebus dirinya. Itulah hukum-hukum Allah, maka janganlah kamu melanggarnya. Barangsiapa yang melanggar hukum-hukum Allah mereka itulah orang-orang yang zalim.
2.
DefinitionDivorceInAl-Quran (Islam)
andPsycholo gy
In sharia
divorce is to break the bonds of marriage (Arabic, اسم لحل قيد النكاح) or the breakdown of the marriage
relationship between husband and wife within a certain time or forever.
divorce, known also by the term divorce is the termination of the husband-wife
relationship marriage or a valid marriage according to Islamic law and / or
legal under sharia andcountry. Divorce
is a sad thing and has little social implications especially for couples
who already have children. Therefore, he avoided as much as possible.
Understanding divorce by experts has been defined differently in the context of understanding the family.but can be inferred from the terms of the divorce as the end of a relationship or break form deep relationships that were previously bound by a marital relationship.
According to Spanier and Thompson (1984) divorce is a reaction to the marriage relationship is not going well and does not constitute disapproval of the institution of marriage, while Ahrons and Rodgers (in Carter & Mc Goldrick, 1981), divorce is a disruption in the family life cycle, which can lead to a feeling of deep and lost family members.
Divorce is the legal breakup of marriage and permanent. The legal action would affect the custody of children, visitation rights of the parents, the division of property and child support. Divorce is usually preceded by a conflict between the couple is a complex process that started many changes in emotional, psychological and environmental (King, 1992).
By Handoko (in Anas, 2004), divorce for children is the "mark of death" family together, it seems half the "self" lost child, life will never be the same again after their parents divorced and they have to accept sadness and a deep sense of loss.
Based on the description above can be summarized as understanding divorce marriage breakup legally caused the marriage relationship is not going well is usually preceded by a conflict between the couple, which in turn initiate various changes in emotional, psychological, environmental and family members, and can cause feelings of deep.
Understanding divorce by experts has been defined differently in the context of understanding the family.but can be inferred from the terms of the divorce as the end of a relationship or break form deep relationships that were previously bound by a marital relationship.
According to Spanier and Thompson (1984) divorce is a reaction to the marriage relationship is not going well and does not constitute disapproval of the institution of marriage, while Ahrons and Rodgers (in Carter & Mc Goldrick, 1981), divorce is a disruption in the family life cycle, which can lead to a feeling of deep and lost family members.
Divorce is the legal breakup of marriage and permanent. The legal action would affect the custody of children, visitation rights of the parents, the division of property and child support. Divorce is usually preceded by a conflict between the couple is a complex process that started many changes in emotional, psychological and environmental (King, 1992).
By Handoko (in Anas, 2004), divorce for children is the "mark of death" family together, it seems half the "self" lost child, life will never be the same again after their parents divorced and they have to accept sadness and a deep sense of loss.
Based on the description above can be summarized as understanding divorce marriage breakup legally caused the marriage relationship is not going well is usually preceded by a conflict between the couple, which in turn initiate various changes in emotional, psychological, environmental and family members, and can cause feelings of deep.
Discussion ofDivorce(source psychology) Divorce is a divorce between a husband and wife living as a result
of their failure to carry out their roles bonds masing.In this divorce is seen
as the end of a marriage instability where spouses live apart and then
officially recognizedbytheapplicablelaw(Erna,1999).
The high divorce rate suggests problems occur in relationships that are expected to form a family. Peaceful marriage, full of love and affection is not running as expected wife. condition parties, according to the opinion cites Khumas Asniar Hackstaff (1999) resulted in divorce became part of the culture that believed families and practiced in the United States and also Indonesia.they’s culture defines divorce as the belief that marriage is a choice and divorce is the way out.
Asniar Khumas, lecturer at the Faculty of Psychology, State University of Makassar view there are two conditions that reflect the journey of marriage couples. First, the marriage persisted because of the fun things is the basis of marriage, both physical and psycis. second, trips marriage ended in divorce because of the loss of the positive appeal marriage.Bahwa marital relationship that exists in bringing harm or negative attitudes toward marriage. "Several cases wives experiencing physical, verbal and sexual abuse in the household, less responsibility, not dinafkahi wife and children, husbands cheating or polygamy," he explained at the Faculty of Psychology Auditorium, Monday (17/7).
Open examination Faculty psychology doctoral program UGM, Asniar Khumas states besides the main attraction, there is another attraction that affect the attractiveness divorce alternative, a better alternative to life after divorce. This includes alternative power remarried with a different partner, forming an informal relationship with another partner, or keep yourself and commit to not get married. "In view of behavioral theory, alternative attractiveness that is the one reason divorced women as a control factor the behavior, so it is related to the easy confidence whether or not divorce is realized, "said Asniar
Defended his dissertation "Model Description intention Divorced Women", Asniar reveal one's intentions can change any intention waktu.Begitu also wife to divorce may change due to certain factors that can change intensinya.Oleh Therefore, Asniar research by building a model that explains based on social exchange theory, and the theory of planned behavior model of divorce from Amato and Rogers. "The goal is to test explanatory models intesi divorce based social exchange theory, and the theory of planned behavior model of divorce from Amato and Rogers to determine the predictors of divorce intention, either directly or indirectlyaffected,"headded.
Based on the analysis of research data on 197 subjects concluded explanatory models divorce intention female attractiveness negatively affected marital relationship, which is experiencing domestic violence, the husband was not responsible and face the reality of her unfaithful husband. The divorce intention escorted by a strong belief will have a new partner when divorced. Factors religious teachings stating that divorce will take away from heaven is not a barrier to divorce. "So the intention wife divorce remains high. Indirect factors that contribute to the intention of divorce based on the model fit is educational factor, the higher the level of education of a wife, the lower the intention to divorce," he said. (PR UGM / General)
The high divorce rate suggests problems occur in relationships that are expected to form a family. Peaceful marriage, full of love and affection is not running as expected wife. condition parties, according to the opinion cites Khumas Asniar Hackstaff (1999) resulted in divorce became part of the culture that believed families and practiced in the United States and also Indonesia.they’s culture defines divorce as the belief that marriage is a choice and divorce is the way out.
Asniar Khumas, lecturer at the Faculty of Psychology, State University of Makassar view there are two conditions that reflect the journey of marriage couples. First, the marriage persisted because of the fun things is the basis of marriage, both physical and psycis. second, trips marriage ended in divorce because of the loss of the positive appeal marriage.Bahwa marital relationship that exists in bringing harm or negative attitudes toward marriage. "Several cases wives experiencing physical, verbal and sexual abuse in the household, less responsibility, not dinafkahi wife and children, husbands cheating or polygamy," he explained at the Faculty of Psychology Auditorium, Monday (17/7).
Open examination Faculty psychology doctoral program UGM, Asniar Khumas states besides the main attraction, there is another attraction that affect the attractiveness divorce alternative, a better alternative to life after divorce. This includes alternative power remarried with a different partner, forming an informal relationship with another partner, or keep yourself and commit to not get married. "In view of behavioral theory, alternative attractiveness that is the one reason divorced women as a control factor the behavior, so it is related to the easy confidence whether or not divorce is realized, "said Asniar
Defended his dissertation "Model Description intention Divorced Women", Asniar reveal one's intentions can change any intention waktu.Begitu also wife to divorce may change due to certain factors that can change intensinya.Oleh Therefore, Asniar research by building a model that explains based on social exchange theory, and the theory of planned behavior model of divorce from Amato and Rogers. "The goal is to test explanatory models intesi divorce based social exchange theory, and the theory of planned behavior model of divorce from Amato and Rogers to determine the predictors of divorce intention, either directly or indirectlyaffected,"headded.
Based on the analysis of research data on 197 subjects concluded explanatory models divorce intention female attractiveness negatively affected marital relationship, which is experiencing domestic violence, the husband was not responsible and face the reality of her unfaithful husband. The divorce intention escorted by a strong belief will have a new partner when divorced. Factors religious teachings stating that divorce will take away from heaven is not a barrier to divorce. "So the intention wife divorce remains high. Indirect factors that contribute to the intention of divorce based on the model fit is educational factor, the higher the level of education of a wife, the lower the intention to divorce," he said. (PR UGM / General)
CAUSES OF
DIVORCE
The factors that cause the occurrence of divorce is as follows:
1) Moral
(A) unhealthy Polygamy
Polygamy is not healthy in a marriage between husband and wife is more of an inside marriage was harmed in particular from the wife because the husband can not do justice in providing a living and spiritually. So from the injured party sue for divorce filed suit on the grounds that her husband could not do justice because it is not in accordance with the terms of polygamy.
(B) moral crisis
Is a moral crisis in a marriage between spouses of a dispute between the two because of the husband's conduct unpleasant act in society, especially for husbands because of frequent gambling and drunkenness
(C) Jealousy
Jealousy in a marriage is having a dispute between the two because of the husband and wife mutual suspicion between the two. So that the husband and wife in activities in daily life is not peaceful or not peaceful because one of the husband and wife thought had a mistress or another companion.
2) Leave Liabilities
(A) Forced marriage
There is no compulsion in marriage between husband and wife, so that in a marriage that served both in shaping domestic disputes because they
feel forced to live. So with the forced marriages in the household kahidupan no sense of love and affection between husband and wife.
(B) Economic
In the event of a dispute between a marriage because the husband can not meet the needs of the household in terms of economic keuangan.Karena becomes the defining point where the husband has the burden of duty and responsibility to protect his wife, providing household clothing and shelter for him.
(C) No liability
In a marriage between husband and wife disputes because of the husband and wife shall not be liable in particular of the husband filed for divorce from the divorce that the wife can not be responsible for example in providing positive rights for families especially for children who are still small.Sebaliknya of the husband can not be responsible in leading the family.
The factors that cause the occurrence of divorce is as follows:
1) Moral
(A) unhealthy Polygamy
Polygamy is not healthy in a marriage between husband and wife is more of an inside marriage was harmed in particular from the wife because the husband can not do justice in providing a living and spiritually. So from the injured party sue for divorce filed suit on the grounds that her husband could not do justice because it is not in accordance with the terms of polygamy.
(B) moral crisis
Is a moral crisis in a marriage between spouses of a dispute between the two because of the husband's conduct unpleasant act in society, especially for husbands because of frequent gambling and drunkenness
(C) Jealousy
Jealousy in a marriage is having a dispute between the two because of the husband and wife mutual suspicion between the two. So that the husband and wife in activities in daily life is not peaceful or not peaceful because one of the husband and wife thought had a mistress or another companion.
2) Leave Liabilities
(A) Forced marriage
There is no compulsion in marriage between husband and wife, so that in a marriage that served both in shaping domestic disputes because they
feel forced to live. So with the forced marriages in the household kahidupan no sense of love and affection between husband and wife.
(B) Economic
In the event of a dispute between a marriage because the husband can not meet the needs of the household in terms of economic keuangan.Karena becomes the defining point where the husband has the burden of duty and responsibility to protect his wife, providing household clothing and shelter for him.
(C) No liability
In a marriage between husband and wife disputes because of the husband and wife shall not be liable in particular of the husband filed for divorce from the divorce that the wife can not be responsible for example in providing positive rights for families especially for children who are still small.Sebaliknya of the husband can not be responsible in leading the family.
3) Underage
Marriage
In a marriage in the event of a dispute between husband and wife because the marriage due under umur.Dalam domestic life of both parties mentally unstable or still infantile kanakan.Dalam navigate their home life was not ready for the needs of the household so that they falter, and eventually they fall into the hole of divorce.
4) Persecution
In a marriage between husband and wife often quarrel and the husband had committed atrocities or severe maltreatment that endangers the well isteri. Like Marital Rape.
5) Punished
In a marital dispute because one of the parties get 5 years imprisonment or more severe punishment after the marriage takes place. In this case, if there are cases such as the above that the husband and wife got the penalty after the course of a marriage within 5 years. So they get the right to file a divorce.
6) Biological Defects
Marrriage in a dispute between husband and wife because the couple has a disability biologis.Salah biological defects such as impotence or can not have sexual relations as it should, so it can not produce offspring.
7) Continuous Arguments
(A) Political
In a marriage in the event of a dispute between husband and wife because the marriage due under umur.Dalam domestic life of both parties mentally unstable or still infantile kanakan.Dalam navigate their home life was not ready for the needs of the household so that they falter, and eventually they fall into the hole of divorce.
4) Persecution
In a marriage between husband and wife often quarrel and the husband had committed atrocities or severe maltreatment that endangers the well isteri. Like Marital Rape.
5) Punished
In a marital dispute because one of the parties get 5 years imprisonment or more severe punishment after the marriage takes place. In this case, if there are cases such as the above that the husband and wife got the penalty after the course of a marriage within 5 years. So they get the right to file a divorce.
6) Biological Defects
Marrriage in a dispute between husband and wife because the couple has a disability biologis.Salah biological defects such as impotence or can not have sexual relations as it should, so it can not produce offspring.
7) Continuous Arguments
(A) Political
Divorce can be done
with the excuse that both partners or spouses of different political parties,
but this does not become something that is absolute.
(B) third party Disorders
Basically k that household's life is built by a sense of mutual trust and understanding between the two parties in the event of a third party to trigger the occurrence of divorce whether from the husband or the wife.
(C) There is no harmony.
As we have seen that one of the purpose for which a marriage is to obtain offspring get peace and maintain harmony in yourself and the eyes and it lainnya.In this case, if one of the inevitable bickering married either severe or unusual saja.Hanya sometimes quarrel between husband and wife is no dispute that can control tersebut.If husband and wife can not control the disagreements and arguments, then there was a schism which resulted in a divorce.
(B) third party Disorders
Basically k that household's life is built by a sense of mutual trust and understanding between the two parties in the event of a third party to trigger the occurrence of divorce whether from the husband or the wife.
(C) There is no harmony.
As we have seen that one of the purpose for which a marriage is to obtain offspring get peace and maintain harmony in yourself and the eyes and it lainnya.In this case, if one of the inevitable bickering married either severe or unusual saja.Hanya sometimes quarrel between husband and wife is no dispute that can control tersebut.If husband and wife can not control the disagreements and arguments, then there was a schism which resulted in a divorce.
3.
EXAMPLECASEWITHIMAGE
1.
ViraYuniardivorce proceedingsandJustinRyanbegan onJuly 3, 2009. After going througha long andcomplicatedprocess,
the SouthJakartaReligious Courtfinallypassedtheirdivorceon
January 20,2010.About theeconomiclivelihoodhas beenprovided
byRyanVirawasdisputedby theparties. According toVira,
Ryannevertransparentin managing finances. ThoughViraisahousewifetaking care ofhouseholdproblems.
2.
. Smoothpathtaken byRachelMaryamtoseatHouse of Representatives(DPR),
does have to'sacrifice' their marriage.
Rumorscirculating thatRachelis more concerned withworkthan
childrenandher husband. In addition, allegations ofanother manwhoownedRachelalsohad surfaced. However,membersof Parliament fromDemocratic factionswasdeniedand
insteadblamedher ex-husband behindthat, Ebes, whichled toshipwrecktheirmarriage intact.
3.
Just as Vira
Yuniar and Justin Ryan, divorce Ferry Irawan and Noviana Shintawati long and
winding path. In fact, the case is colored by allegations of infidelity,
polygamy, of debt, the seizure of the child and domestic violence. Ferry's
ex-wife, Noviana, was charged with defamation by a woman named Anggia Novita,
who was allegedly married Ferry. Divorce proceedings were initiated on February
12, 2009 was finally ended on January 20, 2010.
5. ANALYSIS
There are manyfactors that
lead todivorce, among otherartists.
1. The existence ofa third person.
Thisisthe mostpopularfactoris the cause ofdivorceamongartists
2. differences inincome
Especiallyifthe wifewhile the husbandinsteadfloodedjob
3. The lack ofintensity of the meeting
Eachis toobusywith the affairs ofhis own career. Filmingfrommorning to the next, as a resultthe familywasneglected
4. Lack ofmutual trust
Artist's lifenever desertedofcoursestillbetruegosip.Berbuatgosip.Apalagimaterialifdoneincorrectly.Disbeliefon thecoupleswill easilydestroy thefoundations ofhousehold
5. the influence offamily
The fifthcause ofdivorceitalsooccursamongnonartis.Tapibackagainartistsarepublic figures, sothey attracta divorcecaseto be liftedto the surface.
1. The existence ofa third person.
Thisisthe mostpopularfactoris the cause ofdivorceamongartists
2. differences inincome
Especiallyifthe wifewhile the husbandinsteadfloodedjob
3. The lack ofintensity of the meeting
Eachis toobusywith the affairs ofhis own career. Filmingfrommorning to the next, as a resultthe familywasneglected
4. Lack ofmutual trust
Artist's lifenever desertedofcoursestillbetruegosip.Berbuatgosip.Apalagimaterialifdoneincorrectly.Disbeliefon thecoupleswill easilydestroy thefoundations ofhousehold
5. the influence offamily
The fifthcause ofdivorceitalsooccursamongnonartis.Tapibackagainartistsarepublic figures, sothey attracta divorcecaseto be liftedto the surface.
REFERENCE
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